Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) is a surgical procedure that is commonly performed on dogs to treat cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) injuries. The CCL is an important ligament in the knee joint that helps to stabilize the joint during movement. Anatomically it is the same as the ACL in people, but the mechanism of tearing and method of fixation is VERY different. When the CCL is torn or ruptured, it can cause pain, instability, and decreased mobility in the affected leg.
Why Is TPLO Surgery Performed?
TPLO surgery is typically recommended for dogs with CCL injuries, which are statistically the MOST common orthopedic injury in dogs. The procedure is designed to restore stability to the knee joint and alleviate pain and lameness.
What Happens During TPLO Surgery?
TPLO surgery is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon will make an incision over the knee joint to access the bones. The top of the tibia will have a semicircular cut and be rotated to change the angle of the joint, allowing the joint to stabilize without the need for the CCL. The surgeon will then use a metal plate and screws to hold the bone in its new position while it heals. The surrounding soft tissues will also be sutured closed.
After the surgery, your pet will need to rest and limit activity for 8 weeks to allow for bone healing. Physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises may also be recommended to help your pet regain strength and mobility in the affected leg.
What Are the Risks and Complications of TPLO Surgery?
As with any surgical procedure, there are some risks and potential complications associated with TPLO surgery. These may include:
Infection at the surgical site
Implant failure or loosening
Secondary meniscal tears
Your veterinarian will discuss these risks with you and help you determine if TPLO surgery is the best option for your pet.
What Is the Prognosis for Pets Who Undergo TPLO Surgery?
Many pets experience significant improvement in pain and mobility after TPLO surgery. While some pets may experience a slight decrease in range of motion in the affected knee, they can typically live comfortable and active lives. The TPLO was initially invented for working dogs (field trial, agility, etc) so the expectations for post op performance are quite high. It is important to follow your veterinarian's post-operative care instructions carefully to ensure your pet has the best chance of a successful outcome.
In conclusion, Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) surgery is a common procedure performed in veterinary medicine to treat CCL injuries in dogs. While the procedure does carry some risks, many pets can experience significant improvement in their quality of life after TPLO surgery. If you think your pet may benefit from TPLO surgery, talk to your veterinarian about whether this procedure is a good option for your pet.
Comments